According to the physicist organization network, scientists from institutions such as the Princess Margaret Cancer Research Center in Toronto and the University of Toronto have discovered that a gene called GATA-3 plays an important role in the self-renewal of blood stem cells. The researchers pointed out that this discovery helps people understand the mechanism of blood stem cell self-renewal and promotes the transformation and application of stem cells from laboratory to clinical bone marrow transplantation. Related papers were published on the recent "Nature-Immunology" website.
The paper pointed out that it is known that the transcription factor GATA-3 is essential for the differentiation and function of the entire T lymphocyte lineage, and is also expressed in multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), but what does GATA-3 do in these cells The role is still poorly understood. In the new experiment, the researchers focused on the GATA-3 gene in mice. They found that when the bone marrow is in a stable state, GATA-3 is in the cytoplasm of long-term stem cells that are dormant in the bone marrow; and when multipotent hematopoietic stem cells circulate, GATA-3 will re-migrate from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. This re-migration depends on a signal sent by the protein kinase p38, which is a protein kinase activated by mitosis.
Studies have shown that deleting GATA-3 will enhance the ability of cells to relocate and accelerate the self-renewal of stem cells, so that the number of stem cells increases without affecting the cell cycle. Adding GATA-3 will act downstream of the p38 signal path, and it can act as a balance regulator between the self-renewal and differentiation of pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells.
"People have long known that the number of stem cells in the body will increase through self-renewal, but it is very difficult to establish a self-renewing environment for stem cells in the laboratory." The research leader, a researcher at the Princess Margaret Cancer Research Center and a professor at the University of Toronto Norman Iskwu said. In transplantation surgery, the number of stem cells available for transplantation determines the efficiency, safety, and effectiveness of the operation. This finding helps increase the number of blood stem cells in bone marrow transplantation and gene therapy.
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