According to the American Physicists Organization Network, wrinkles on the body are caused by the bending and stretching of the skin. Unlike most wrinkles, fingerprints are not the result of repeated movements. Each of us was born with a set of fingerprints, but scientists are still not sure what role fingerprints play.
One possibility is that fingerprints can improve our sense of touch. In a recent study, French scientists studied this idea through a series of experiments related to grooved artificial fingerprints made of rubber-like sensors. In the experiment, scientists compared the sensitivity of artificial fingerprints with a smooth material similar to skin. As a result, it was found that when sliding over a somewhat rough surface, the vibration intensity of the artificial fingerprint is 100 times that of the smooth material.
These researchers from the Higher Normal College in Paris explained that the enhanced vibration gives us a higher sense of touch, especially when examining textures. When a finger swipes across a rough surface, the fingerprint can increase vibration at an optimal frequency, which in turn stimulates the Pacini body. Parsini is the nerve ending of the skin and is used to detect texture. In other words, texture information allows us to discern objects by touch. According to the experiments of Paris researchers, not only does the nervous system play an important role in tactile estimation, but physical characteristics can also improve the estimation ability during perception. We can understand the former as "software" and the latter as "hardware".
However, this study does not explain why everyone ’s fingerprints are unique and why our fingerprints are arranged in an elliptical swirl. Scientists say that this ring-shaped design may ensure that some ridge lines always cross the surface of the object in a vertical posture, regardless of the direction in which the fingertip moves. According to the researchers' predictions, this study found that it can be used to enhance the tactile feedback of the prosthetic hand.
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