In packaging and printing, the application of spot colors is becoming wider and wider, some are for expressing rich color effects, and some are for anti-counterfeiting purposes. In the field of spot colors, color cards have become a language for color communication. There are currently more mature color cards in the world: the PANTONE color card in the United States, the RAL color card in Germany, and the DIC color card in Japan. Sweden's NCS color card, MUNSELL color card, SCOTDIC cotton color card, Chinese architectural color card, etc. The PANTONE color card has become the de facto international color standard language, it includes 15 kinds of textile color cards and 32 kinds of art design-printing color cards, the application range includes packaging and printing industry, textile industry and so on. In the course of my work, I found that people in the industry have little knowledge of the standard color card. Here, I mainly introduce three color matching guides commonly used in printing: PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte (Pantone Spot Color Formula Guide -Coated paper / offset paper / matte powder paper), PANTONE 4-color process guide (coated paper / offset paper), PANTONE Color Bridge coated (paired CMYK and RGB simulated spot colors) ), In order to help people in the industry to have a better understanding of the PANTONE color card and better guide the practice.
1. PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte (Pantone Spot Color Formula Guide-coated paper / offset paper / matte powder paper)
PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte is the core of PANTONE color matching system. The PANTONE color card marked a total of 1114 spot colors, all colors are marked with a unique label and tail code. The three substrates have also selected representative papers, which are used to represent the printing effect of the spot color on papers with different gloss and smoothness.
1.PANTONE basic color
PANTONE has 14 basic colors. It is a pure primary color ink, which is configured with a single pigment (or colorant) at a higher percentage content. It has a higher color density and color purity and is the basis for the deployment of other spot color inks. The 14 basic colors in Chinese and English names and PANTONE number correspondence are shown in Table 1. In the preparation process, in order to meet the needs of ink brightness, transparent white (PANTONE Trans Write) can be added for adjustment.
2. Color code and representation
You can see different color names on different color cards, such as PANTONE3258 U and PANTONE3258 C. Here PANTONE3258 represents the same color number, and the following characters mean that it is printed on different printing materials, so the appearance of the ink is different. The meaning of each logo in the color scale is as follows:
C = Coated Paper U = Uncoated Paper M = Matte Paper M = Matte Paper Dumb powder paper == Achievable in CMYK can be obtained by four-color simulation Pt (s) = part (s) The number of copies of different ink ratios For example: PANTONE 15pts PANTONE Green 75.0
567 U 1pt PANTONE Warm Red 5.0
∷ 4pts PANTONE Black 20.0
It can be obtained by CMYK four-color simulation: printing on offset paper, the proportion of three oil ratios, the three basic color inks used, and the three ink ratio percentages.
3. Application
In the actual spot color matching process, spot inks of different qualities can be weighed and adjusted according to the ratio of the formula, and then proofed or scraped, under a standard light source or on the sunny north window and color card Compare the color of the color, if there is a difference, fine-tune the amount of ink, re-proof or scrape until the color meets the requirements, and record the proportion of ink.
2. PANTONE 4-color process guide (Pantone 4-color process guide-coated paper / offset paper)
These two Pantone four-color overprinting guides printed on glossy coated paper and offset paper respectively publish a total of 3010 CMYK color standards. The four-color overprinting guide does not belong to the PANTONE color matching system, and has nothing to do with the PANTONE field color system.
1. Basic color
There are four basic colors used in this color card.
2. Color code and representation
Each color has a color label, such as PANTONE DS 257-6 C or PANTONE DS 257-6 U, which is the same as the previous PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte, the front PANTONE DS 257-6 represents the color number, and the back C or U represents different printing materials. The meaning of each logo in the color scale is as follows:
C = Coated Paper U = Uncoated Paper Uncoated Paper For example:
PANTONE
DS 257-6 C
C M Y K
40 0 20 25
3. Application
Using this recipe guide, you can use the four basic colors of CMYK, according to the given formula to mix a certain color for spot color printing, you can also use four-color printing in actual printing to achieve the same effect. [next]
3. PANTONE Color Bridge coated (Pantone Color Bridge-matching CMYK and RGB analog spot colors)
In this guide, the colors printed with 14 spot inks are on the left, and the corresponding colors printed in CMYK four colors are on the right. The number of the spot color on the left is the same as the color number in PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte, and the same color can be found in PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte according to the number. On the right is the effect of using CMYK four primary colors to simulate spot colors. Customers can decide whether the CMYK overlay colors meet the requirements according to their actual needs. Because in the printing process, if you use spot colors, you need to print a separate plate, which will increase the cost. If you use CMYK four primary colors to simulate spot colors to meet the requirements, you can use four-color printing directly, which can save The cost can also avoid some printing failures, such as overprinting problems.
1. Basic color
In this guide, the basic colors used for the left color are the 14 basic colors in PANTONE Formula Guide-Coated / Uncoated / matte, and the basic colors used for the right color are the four primary colors in PANTONE 4-color process guide, in front It has been detailed and will not be repeated here.
2. Color number and value
On the left: color is calibrated with sRGB (standard Red Green and Blue) and HTML values, and on the right is CMYK dot value, such as:
PANTONE PANTONE
1817 C 1817 PC
R 94 G 48 B 50 C M Y K
HTML 5E3032 23 84 54 63
sRGB (Standard Red Green Blue) is a color space definition. Since different display devices have different color gamuts, the RGB colors of different devices will change. sRGB is developed by Microsoft and other companies in response to this situation. The purpose is to establish a color management standard that can meet the needs of computers and output devices, so that the output device can accurately display the image in the image without special color information analysis Color information. With sRGB, users can ensure uniform color regardless of viewing images on various display devices. The RGB value here is the corresponding RGB value in the sRGB space.
HTML pages can be specified in two ways-by color name or number representing the RGB color value. An RGB color value consists of three two-digit hexadecimal digits, each representing its own color intensity. The calculated value of HTML 5E3032 given the color above is R (5 × 16 + 14) = 94; G (3 × 16 + 0) = 48; B (3 × 16 + 2) = 50; and the given The RGB values ​​just match.
The four-color printing effect on the right uses the CMYK dot value to represent the color composition, and the specific meaning is the same as the PANTONE 4-color process guide, which will not be repeated here.
3. Application
In the printing operation, if the four-color printing simulates the effect of spot colors and can meet the requirements, you can consider using four-color printing to achieve color reproduction.
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