The pre-press plate-making equipment has a high proportion of failures due to external factors. There are many reasons, and the solution must also be determined according to the actual situation. During the maintenance process, the author summarized 30 factors that are likely to cause plate-making equipment failures. These factors are inevitable related to the equipment failures. Of course, there may be some other important factors that may not be included, but careful analysis of these factors can certainly guarantee The normal operation of the equipment and the rapid removal of the fault are briefly described as follows:
1. Dust: The plate-making equipment, especially the later electrical distribution and phototypesetting equipment, are precision equipment. Dust is the biggest natural enemy for such machines. Dust can cause great damage to the equipment, so in daily maintenance , Cleanliness is the most important.
2. Oil pollution: Affected by precision mechanical friction, almost all equipment must use different types of lubricants. In the long-term lubrication process, due to the influence of temperature, dust and powder generated during friction, lubricating oil is very easy to form oil stains, which directly causes mechanical obstruction and local temperature rise, which is also an important factor for mechanical failure of equipment.
3. Pollution: The filthy items include two aspects, one is oil pollution, and the other is the pollution formed by the debris in the air or the accumulation of debris combined with water during the operation of the equipment. The initial pollution generally does not cause a large impact on the equipment, but the long-term accumulation is easy to cause local damage to the equipment, such as the dirty spots on the display.
4. Raw material adhesion: The raw material adhesion is more serious in the developing machine and the proofing machine. It is formed by the chemical reaction of the film surface material and the developing solution during the development of the developing machine, and it is easy to adhere between the rubber rollers. If the proofing ink is not properly cleaned, it will easily adhere to the ink roller and rubber roller, so maintaining regular cleaning is a good way to solve the problem of raw material adhesion.
5. Abrasion: Most of the abrasion occurs in the frequently moving parts of machinery, such as bearings of various plate-making equipment and movable screw clamps. The most effective way to reduce abrasion is to add more oil.
6. Vibration: Vibration will not only cause the failure of the device itself, but also may cause problems in the quality of the product. After effectively ensuring the correct installation of the device, it is necessary to regularly check its stability and level.
7. Looseness: Most of the causes of looseness are caused by external factors, such as vibration of the equipment. During the daily maintenance process, pay attention to detecting the tightness and fixing of each screw.
8. Leakage: refers to the internal leakage of the protective fluid inside the accessories of the pre-press equipment due to aging or impact, which causes the temperature of the component to burn out, such as the circulating cooling water in the SCREEN P-641-FW copy machine lamp.
9. Corrosion: Most volatile liquids damage non-metallic equipment to varying degrees. Substances that adhere to the surface of the equipment but are not removed in time are the main cause of corrosion.
10. Creep: The process of creep is generally not easy to show, because creep can be expressed in both mechanical and electronic aspects, so in the process of testing equipment, attention should be paid to small changes in equipment parameters.
11. Stress deformation: Stress deformation is a physical phenomenon that occurs more often in equipment at work. After the work is completed, the equipment can not be adjusted in time is an important factor affecting the deformation of the equipment machinery and circuit board slot.
12. Scratches: The running equipment is scratched by the collision of external objects. The scratches can directly cause a major failure of the equipment and can also affect the quality of the product, such as the roller scratches of the electrical extension.
13. Cracks: The main cause of cracks is that the equipment has been affected by large pressure or gravity for a long time. Once a crack occurs, under normal circumstances, do not repair it to prevent damage to the device caused by secondary cracks.
14. Fever: After the electronic equipment is energized, there is generally a phenomenon of heat generation, and there is also a phenomenon of heat generation after metal mechanical friction. Electronic heating requires auxiliary heat dissipation devices, while metal machinery relies on its own heat conduction to reduce heat dissipation. It is necessary to pay attention to the heat generation of the equipment in daily equipment testing.
15. Abnormal sound: During the operation of mechanical equipment, the normal sound emitted by the influence of many factors such as heat and wear needs to be shut down and repaired in time, otherwise it is easy to expand the fault.
16. Short circuit: Short circuit is often accompanied by damage to other components, and the short circuit itself is caused by component aging, human error, etc. Do not energize immediately after a short circuit occurs, you need to carefully check the cause of such failures before conducting the power test .
17. Poor insulation: The aging of the equipment and the heat generated during operation can cause the insulation performance of the insulator to decrease. Poor insulation can short-circuit the device. When controlling and replacing components or circuits, make sure that the tolerance is as large as possible.
18. Continuity obstacle: It is the phenomenon that the guide body or the electronic switch, relay and other components are affected by the voltage, current and contact resistance to move the movable component, and no current passes. The continuity barrier can generally be tested after the power is turned on.
19. Resistance change: The resistance of the conductor changes with the change of temperature, but it cannot be restored to the resistance value at room temperature after the change. We call it resistance change. In addition to the influence of its own material, the change of resistance also has a greater relationship with the passing current. During the maintenance process, pay attention to replace the components or conductors with the same resistance.
20. Change in capacitance: The change in capacitance has a greater relationship with the manufacturing process. Pay attention to the working voltage of the capacitor. Long-term over-voltage operation can easily change the value of the capacitor.
21. Fatigue: There should be a certain period of rest during the work of the equipment. Long-term uninterrupted work, fatigue occurs in every aspect of the equipment, and many failures are directly related to fatigue. Although many devices are marked for long-term work, if you can rest for 1-2 hours a day, the operation will be more stable.
22. Corrosion: Corrosion is the same as corrosion, except that the target material is different. Corrosion has a greater relationship with metal objects. The obvious characteristic of rust is that the production of rust alone on the surface of the metal field affects the work of the equipment. There are also many equipment that are rusted in the active area due to the lack of necessary oily protection.
23. Loss: The process of making the performance and parameters of the device lost during the work is called loss. The loss is manifested in the overloaded operation of the equipment, and the problem of loss is also related to the electrical performance design of the equipment.
24. Poor lubrication: Lack of oil or high local oil temperature are all characteristics of poor lubrication. Poor lubrication causes direct friction between the mechanical metals and causes mechanical failure of the equipment. The consequence will be wear.
25. Improper cooling: The heat dissipation of electronic equipment needs to be determined according to the degree of heat generation. When the electronic equipment needs to be cooled locally and the outside temperature is high, it is very easy to cause improper cooling.
26. Hardening: Hardening is a chemical reaction that occurs when a non-metallic substance is exposed to high temperatures. There is also the accumulation of oil and dust into hardened substances.
27. Softening: Contrary to hardening, softening is a phenomenon in which the strength of a component or device body is weaker than normal when the device is subjected to vibration or high temperature.
28. Scorch: It is a kind of failure phenomenon that is easily generated when the component is short-circuited or partially overheated. For example: the temperature of the electric extension lamp is too high to burn the optical fiber around the charcoal.
29. Electric parameter drift: When the external voltage is baked to the main board, there will be large fluctuations, so that the parameters of the component during operation will change with the large fluctuations of the voltage. This phenomenon will cause the fixed working point of the component to drift for a long time. To form the phenomenon of electrical parameter drift.
30. Metamorphosis: Due to its own quality problems or the impact of current, etc., the performance of the component has changed greatly and cannot work, which is called metamorphism. We must accurately measure the replacement components during repairs to prevent the defective components from causing secondary failures in the circuit.
The above gives a brief explanation of the 30 factors of plate-making equipment failure. In most of these factors, the device exhibits early symptoms and can be detected in time. In actual production, as long as all staff can participate, many failures can be prevented and eliminated in time.
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