Since the 1990s, due to the widespread use of containers made of plastic, paper, and other materials, especially the sharp increase in the use of PET containers, traditional glass containers have encountered severe challenges. In order to maintain a place in the fierce competition for survival with other material containers, as a manufacturer of glass containers, it is only by trying to give full play to the advantages of glass containers and continuously developing new technologies that can attract consumers. The following describes the development of related technologies on this issue.
First, the colorless transparent glass container of the ultraviolet ray blocking glass container is different from other cans or paper containers in that it has the transparency that can clearly see the content. However, it is precisely because of this that outside light can easily pass through the container and cause the contents to deteriorate. For example, if beer or other beverages are used for a long period of time under sunlight, odors and fading will occur. Of the light that causes deterioration of the content, the most harmful is ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 280 to 400 nm.
In the use of glass containers, the content clearly shows its true color in front of consumers, which is an important means to display its product characteristics. Therefore, users of glass containers are very hopeful that they will have a new type that is colorless, transparent and can block ultraviolet radiation. Products come out.
In order to solve this problem, recently developed a colorless and transparent glass (UVA means absorption of ultraviolet light) which is called UVA Flint and can absorb ultraviolet rays. The manufacturing method is that, on the one hand, by adding a metal oxide capable of absorbing ultraviolet rays in the glass while using the color complementary effect, adding some metal or its oxide, the colored glass is discolored. Currently, commercially available UVA glass is generally added with two metal oxides, vanadium oxide (V2O5) and cerium oxide (CeO2).
Since only a small amount of vanadium oxide is added, a desired effect can be obtained, so that only a special additive feed tank can be used in the melting process, which is particularly suitable for small batch production.
For a UVA glass and normal glass with a thickness of 3.5 mm, a random sampling test of the light transmittance at a wavelength of 330 nm shows that the ordinary glass is 60.6% and the UVA glass is only 2.5%.
In addition, the color fading test was performed by irradiating the ultraviolet ray with 14.4 J/â–¡ of the ultraviolet ray to the blue pigment sample sealed with a common glass and a UVA glass container. As a result, the residual ratio of the color in the ordinary glass was only 20%. Little fading was found in the UVA glass. The comparative test confirmed that UVA glass has the ability to effectively suppress fading.
The sunlight exposure test of wines filled with ordinary glass bottles and UVA glass bottles also showed that the former wine had far higher degree of discoloration and deterioration of taste than the latter.
Second, the glass container pre-labeled development label is the face of the product, is a sign of the distinction between a variety of different products, most consumers use it to determine the value of goods. Therefore, the label must, of course, be both beautiful and eye-catching.
However, for a long time, manufacturers of glass containers are often plagued by complicated work such as label printing, affixing, or management of on-site labels. In order to solve the user's difficulties and provide convenience, some glass container manufacturers now have relevant labels in advance. Paste or pre-print on the container, this is called "pre-labeling."
The labels pre-applied on glass containers are generally elastic labels, pasting labels, and direct printing labels, and the adhesive labels are divided into sticky labels and heat-sensitive adhesive labels. The pre-label can withstand the cleaning, filling, sterilization and sterilization processes in the canning process without being damaged, and is convenient for the recycling of the container, and some can prevent the fragments from scattering when the glass container breaks, and has cushioning properties.
The characteristics of the pressure-sensitive adhesive label are such that the presence of the label film is not perceived, and only the content of the label to be displayed floats on the surface of the container like a direct printing method. However, the cost is relatively high. Although there is a slight increase in the amount of pressure-sensitive adhesive labels, a relatively large market has not yet been formed. The main reason for the high price of labeling is that the cardboard substrate used for sticking labels at the factory is expensive and cannot be recycled. To this end, Japan's Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. is working on the development of non-substrate pressure stickers.
Another more popular type is the thermo-sensitive adhesive label, which has good adhesion once heated. Through repeated testing and research on the improvement of thermal label adhesives, container surface treatment and preheating methods, the laundering degree of the label has been greatly improved, and at the same time, the cost has been greatly reduced. It is formally used to fill 300 bottles of filling lines per minute. The heat-sensitive pre-labeling can clearly see the various contents of the same as the press-attached label, and it also has the characteristics of low cost, being able to withstand rubbing without being damaged, and being post-pasted to withstand freezing. The thermosensitive adhesive label is made of PET resin with a thickness of 38 μm, and is coated with a high-temperature active adhesive thereon. The label was not immersed in water at 11°C for 3 days, immersed in a pasteurization liquid at 73°C for 30 minutes, or boiled at 100°C for 30 minutes, and no abnormal changes were observed. The surface of the label can be printed in a variety of colors, and can also be printed on the reverse side of the label, so as to avoid damage to the printed surface due to collision during transportation. The use of such pre-labels is expected to greatly expand the market demand for glass bottles.
Third, the development of glass container coating film In order to meet the needs of the market, more and more customers of the glass container on the container's color, shape and label, etc. proposed a variety of varieties, multi-function, small batch requirements, such as the color of the container , It is required to be able to show the difference in appearance, but also to prevent damage to the contents of UV. The color of a beer bottle is brown, green, or even black. The purpose of the beer bottle is to both shield ultraviolet rays and achieve a differentiated appearance.
However, in the production process of glass containers, the deployment of a color is more complicated, and two kinds of waste glass with mixed colors are not easy to recycle. Therefore, glass manufacturers always want to reduce the color of glass. To achieve this goal, a coated glass container coated with a polymer film on the surface of a glass container has been developed. The film can be made into a variety of colors and appearances, such as glass-like shapes, which can minimize the variety of colors of the glass. If a polymer film that absorbs ultraviolet light is applied, the glass container can be made colorless and transparent, and the advantages of the contents can be clearly seen.
The thickness of the polymeric coating film is generally 5-20 μm, which does not affect the recycling of the glass container after it is discarded. Because the color of the glass container is determined by the color of the film, even if the various pieces of glass are mixed together, it will not hinder the recycling. Therefore, the recycling efficiency can be greatly improved, which is very favorable to the protection of the environment.
The coated thin film glass container also has the following advantages: It can prevent the damage of the surface of the glass bottle due to collision, friction and the like between the containers, and can cover the original minor flaws of the glass container and increase the pressure resistance of the container by more than 40%. Through the simulated crash damage test on the filling production line, it can be safely used on a production line with 1000 bottles per hour. In particular, due to the cushioning action of the film on its surface, the impact resistance of the glass container during transportation or filling movement is greatly improved. It can be considered that the popularization and application of the coating film technology, coupled with the lightweight design of the bottle body, will be an important means for expanding the market demand for glass containers in the future.
For example, Japan's Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. developed and produced a coated glass container with a glassy appearance in 1998. It was alkali-resistant (70°C, 3% alkaline solution soaked for more than 1 hour), weather resistance (continuous in outdoor 60 hours exposure), damage peeling (simulation run on filling line for 10 minutes) test and UV transmittance test. The results show that the coated film is in good condition.
Fourth, the development of ecological glass bottles shows that, in the glass production process, the percentage of waste glass in raw materials increases by 10%, which can reduce 2.5% of the melting energy, while reducing the CO 2 emission by 3.5%. the amount. As we all know, with the global shortage of resources and the increasing greenhouse effect, the awareness of environmental protection, which focuses on saving resources, reducing consumption, and reducing pollution, has received global attention and attention. Therefore, people call this type of glass container, which uses waste glass as its main raw material, which is both energy-saving and less polluting, an "ecological glass bottle." Of course, strictly speaking, "ecological glass" requires more than 90% of the waste glass.
In order to produce high-quality glass containers using waste glass as the main raw material, the key issue to be solved is how to remove foreign materials (such as scrap metal, waste tiles, etc.) mixed in the waste glass and eliminate air bubbles in the glass. Currently, waste glass powdering and low-temperature melting technologies have been adopted to achieve the identification of foreign matter and the low-pressure defoaming process has entered the practical stage. The recycled waste glass is undoubtedly a mixture of colors. In order to obtain a satisfactory color after melting, a method of adding a metal oxide during the melting process may be adopted. For example, addition of cobalt oxide may make the glass appear light green.
The production of ecological glass has been supported and encouraged by governments of all countries. In particular, Japan has adopted a more positive attitude toward the production of eco-glass. In 1992, it was awarded by the World Packaging Organization (WPO) for producing and implementing “eco-glass†using 100% of waste glass as raw material. However, the proportion of "ecological glass" is still relatively low, and even Japan accounts for only 5% of the total amount of glass containers.
Glass containers are long-established traditional packaging materials and have been closely associated with people's lives for more than 300 years. It is safe to use, easy to recycle, and does not pollute either the contents or the glass. However, as mentioned at the beginning of this article, it faces serious challenges such as polymerizing packaging materials. Therefore, how to strengthen the development of new glass production technologies and give full play to the advantages of glass containers is a new topic faced by the glass container manufacturing industry. I hope that the above-mentioned relevant technical dynamics can provide some useful reference for the industry. (From Sun Zhaoyou, China Packaging News)
First, the colorless transparent glass container of the ultraviolet ray blocking glass container is different from other cans or paper containers in that it has the transparency that can clearly see the content. However, it is precisely because of this that outside light can easily pass through the container and cause the contents to deteriorate. For example, if beer or other beverages are used for a long period of time under sunlight, odors and fading will occur. Of the light that causes deterioration of the content, the most harmful is ultraviolet light having a wavelength of 280 to 400 nm.
In the use of glass containers, the content clearly shows its true color in front of consumers, which is an important means to display its product characteristics. Therefore, users of glass containers are very hopeful that they will have a new type that is colorless, transparent and can block ultraviolet radiation. Products come out.
In order to solve this problem, recently developed a colorless and transparent glass (UVA means absorption of ultraviolet light) which is called UVA Flint and can absorb ultraviolet rays. The manufacturing method is that, on the one hand, by adding a metal oxide capable of absorbing ultraviolet rays in the glass while using the color complementary effect, adding some metal or its oxide, the colored glass is discolored. Currently, commercially available UVA glass is generally added with two metal oxides, vanadium oxide (V2O5) and cerium oxide (CeO2).
Since only a small amount of vanadium oxide is added, a desired effect can be obtained, so that only a special additive feed tank can be used in the melting process, which is particularly suitable for small batch production.
For a UVA glass and normal glass with a thickness of 3.5 mm, a random sampling test of the light transmittance at a wavelength of 330 nm shows that the ordinary glass is 60.6% and the UVA glass is only 2.5%.
In addition, the color fading test was performed by irradiating the ultraviolet ray with 14.4 J/â–¡ of the ultraviolet ray to the blue pigment sample sealed with a common glass and a UVA glass container. As a result, the residual ratio of the color in the ordinary glass was only 20%. Little fading was found in the UVA glass. The comparative test confirmed that UVA glass has the ability to effectively suppress fading.
The sunlight exposure test of wines filled with ordinary glass bottles and UVA glass bottles also showed that the former wine had far higher degree of discoloration and deterioration of taste than the latter.
Second, the glass container pre-labeled development label is the face of the product, is a sign of the distinction between a variety of different products, most consumers use it to determine the value of goods. Therefore, the label must, of course, be both beautiful and eye-catching.
However, for a long time, manufacturers of glass containers are often plagued by complicated work such as label printing, affixing, or management of on-site labels. In order to solve the user's difficulties and provide convenience, some glass container manufacturers now have relevant labels in advance. Paste or pre-print on the container, this is called "pre-labeling."
The labels pre-applied on glass containers are generally elastic labels, pasting labels, and direct printing labels, and the adhesive labels are divided into sticky labels and heat-sensitive adhesive labels. The pre-label can withstand the cleaning, filling, sterilization and sterilization processes in the canning process without being damaged, and is convenient for the recycling of the container, and some can prevent the fragments from scattering when the glass container breaks, and has cushioning properties.
The characteristics of the pressure-sensitive adhesive label are such that the presence of the label film is not perceived, and only the content of the label to be displayed floats on the surface of the container like a direct printing method. However, the cost is relatively high. Although there is a slight increase in the amount of pressure-sensitive adhesive labels, a relatively large market has not yet been formed. The main reason for the high price of labeling is that the cardboard substrate used for sticking labels at the factory is expensive and cannot be recycled. To this end, Japan's Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. is working on the development of non-substrate pressure stickers.
Another more popular type is the thermo-sensitive adhesive label, which has good adhesion once heated. Through repeated testing and research on the improvement of thermal label adhesives, container surface treatment and preheating methods, the laundering degree of the label has been greatly improved, and at the same time, the cost has been greatly reduced. It is formally used to fill 300 bottles of filling lines per minute. The heat-sensitive pre-labeling can clearly see the various contents of the same as the press-attached label, and it also has the characteristics of low cost, being able to withstand rubbing without being damaged, and being post-pasted to withstand freezing. The thermosensitive adhesive label is made of PET resin with a thickness of 38 μm, and is coated with a high-temperature active adhesive thereon. The label was not immersed in water at 11°C for 3 days, immersed in a pasteurization liquid at 73°C for 30 minutes, or boiled at 100°C for 30 minutes, and no abnormal changes were observed. The surface of the label can be printed in a variety of colors, and can also be printed on the reverse side of the label, so as to avoid damage to the printed surface due to collision during transportation. The use of such pre-labels is expected to greatly expand the market demand for glass bottles.
Third, the development of glass container coating film In order to meet the needs of the market, more and more customers of the glass container on the container's color, shape and label, etc. proposed a variety of varieties, multi-function, small batch requirements, such as the color of the container , It is required to be able to show the difference in appearance, but also to prevent damage to the contents of UV. The color of a beer bottle is brown, green, or even black. The purpose of the beer bottle is to both shield ultraviolet rays and achieve a differentiated appearance.
However, in the production process of glass containers, the deployment of a color is more complicated, and two kinds of waste glass with mixed colors are not easy to recycle. Therefore, glass manufacturers always want to reduce the color of glass. To achieve this goal, a coated glass container coated with a polymer film on the surface of a glass container has been developed. The film can be made into a variety of colors and appearances, such as glass-like shapes, which can minimize the variety of colors of the glass. If a polymer film that absorbs ultraviolet light is applied, the glass container can be made colorless and transparent, and the advantages of the contents can be clearly seen.
The thickness of the polymeric coating film is generally 5-20 μm, which does not affect the recycling of the glass container after it is discarded. Because the color of the glass container is determined by the color of the film, even if the various pieces of glass are mixed together, it will not hinder the recycling. Therefore, the recycling efficiency can be greatly improved, which is very favorable to the protection of the environment.
The coated thin film glass container also has the following advantages: It can prevent the damage of the surface of the glass bottle due to collision, friction and the like between the containers, and can cover the original minor flaws of the glass container and increase the pressure resistance of the container by more than 40%. Through the simulated crash damage test on the filling production line, it can be safely used on a production line with 1000 bottles per hour. In particular, due to the cushioning action of the film on its surface, the impact resistance of the glass container during transportation or filling movement is greatly improved. It can be considered that the popularization and application of the coating film technology, coupled with the lightweight design of the bottle body, will be an important means for expanding the market demand for glass containers in the future.
For example, Japan's Yamamura Glass Co., Ltd. developed and produced a coated glass container with a glassy appearance in 1998. It was alkali-resistant (70°C, 3% alkaline solution soaked for more than 1 hour), weather resistance (continuous in outdoor 60 hours exposure), damage peeling (simulation run on filling line for 10 minutes) test and UV transmittance test. The results show that the coated film is in good condition.
Fourth, the development of ecological glass bottles shows that, in the glass production process, the percentage of waste glass in raw materials increases by 10%, which can reduce 2.5% of the melting energy, while reducing the CO 2 emission by 3.5%. the amount. As we all know, with the global shortage of resources and the increasing greenhouse effect, the awareness of environmental protection, which focuses on saving resources, reducing consumption, and reducing pollution, has received global attention and attention. Therefore, people call this type of glass container, which uses waste glass as its main raw material, which is both energy-saving and less polluting, an "ecological glass bottle." Of course, strictly speaking, "ecological glass" requires more than 90% of the waste glass.
In order to produce high-quality glass containers using waste glass as the main raw material, the key issue to be solved is how to remove foreign materials (such as scrap metal, waste tiles, etc.) mixed in the waste glass and eliminate air bubbles in the glass. Currently, waste glass powdering and low-temperature melting technologies have been adopted to achieve the identification of foreign matter and the low-pressure defoaming process has entered the practical stage. The recycled waste glass is undoubtedly a mixture of colors. In order to obtain a satisfactory color after melting, a method of adding a metal oxide during the melting process may be adopted. For example, addition of cobalt oxide may make the glass appear light green.
The production of ecological glass has been supported and encouraged by governments of all countries. In particular, Japan has adopted a more positive attitude toward the production of eco-glass. In 1992, it was awarded by the World Packaging Organization (WPO) for producing and implementing “eco-glass†using 100% of waste glass as raw material. However, the proportion of "ecological glass" is still relatively low, and even Japan accounts for only 5% of the total amount of glass containers.
Glass containers are long-established traditional packaging materials and have been closely associated with people's lives for more than 300 years. It is safe to use, easy to recycle, and does not pollute either the contents or the glass. However, as mentioned at the beginning of this article, it faces serious challenges such as polymerizing packaging materials. Therefore, how to strengthen the development of new glass production technologies and give full play to the advantages of glass containers is a new topic faced by the glass container manufacturing industry. I hope that the above-mentioned relevant technical dynamics can provide some useful reference for the industry. (From Sun Zhaoyou, China Packaging News)
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