Heavy metal pollution in the soil is a serious environmental problem worldwide, mainly due to some human activities, such as mining, industrial activities and the use of organic phosphorus. Cadmium (Cd) in the soil can be easily absorbed by plants, resulting in various symptoms of poisoning, such as reduced biomass, leaf chlorosis, inhibition of root growth, morphological changes, and even plant death. A large number of studies have shown that in plants, microRNA (miRNA) is involved in many vital physiological processes, including developmental regulation, signal transduction, and stress stress. miRNA is very important for plant stress response to heavy metal stress. Soybean (Glycine max) is one of the most important agricultural crops in the world. Cadmium pollution in the soil affects the yield and quality of soybean seeds. To this end, the research group led by Professor Nian Hai and Professor Yang Cunyi from South China Agricultural University studied miRNAs involved in cadmium stress in soybeans and compared their expression patterns in different genotypes of soybeans. On the December issue of PLoS One.
The researchers used a custom μParaflo® microfluidic chip containing 953 specific probes (custom miRNA chip detection was undertaken by Lianchuan Biotechnology) to identify cadmium-treated and untreated HX3 (cadmium-tolerant) and ZH24 ( (Cadmium-sensitive) miRNA expression patterns in soybean lines. A total of 26 miRNAs related to cadmium stress were identified, of which 9 miRNAs were found in both varieties, and 5 and 12 miRNAs were specifically expressed in HX3 and ZH24, respectively. The 16 miRNAs were verified by qRT-PCR, and it was found that most miRNAs had an expression pattern similar to the chip detection results.
In order to screen the target genes regulated by miRNAs, the researchers used degradation group sequencing (degradation group sequencing was undertaken by Lianchuan Biology) and combined with bioinformatics analysis to identify 204 miRNAs from the degradation group library of the above 4 samples. 376 target genes. It was found that 55 target genes were cleaved by 14 cadmium stress-related miRNAs. GO annotations indicate that these target genes are involved in a wide range of biological processes. The researchers verified the expression profiles of 10 target genes by qRT-PCR.
This study describes in detail the response mechanism of soybean miRNA and its target genes under cadmium stress, and provides a framework for better understanding the molecular mechanism of plant heavy metal tolerance.
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