Constructing the teaching system of NC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance course based on project teaching concept
Liu Shuqing Wang Mulan Wang Kun Nanjing Institute of Technology Nanjing 211167
Abstract: Aiming at the training objectives and ability requirements of CNC machining and maintenance in the application-oriented undergraduate mechanical design and manufacturing and automation majors, the project teaching concepts and main professional courses CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance are summarized The position in the professional personnel training system and the relationship with other courses. On this basis, the advanced concept of project teaching was adopted to construct the teaching system of the course, and the composition modules and specific knowledge points of the teaching content of the course were drawn up. Finally, the implementation effect and existing problems are discussed, and the next step of the work is pointed out.
Keywords: project teaching; CNC machine tools; fault diagnosis; maintenance; teaching system
Mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation major (NC machining and maintenance professional direction) mainly train senior technical talents engaged in the design, debugging, testing, maintenance, repair, and computer-aided design and manufacturing of CNC machine tools in the field of manufacturing automation. In the teaching process, we make full use of our school's strong foundation in the field of numerical control technology and the achievements of teaching and scientific research, and focus on training students' practical skills and innovative awareness.
CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance is a main professional course in the field of CNC machining and maintenance. Through the study of this course, students will be able to master the general methods and specific technologies of CNC machine tool electrical control system design and debugging, and master the maintenance of mechatronics products. The basic principles and maintenance technology of CNC machine tools, cultivate students' ability to analyze and solve problems, and lay the necessary foundation for students to engage in related work after graduation.
1. Project teaching concept and course characteristics
1. Project teaching concept
The concept of project teaching based on constructivism originated from Harvard University in the United States, prevailed in Germany, and achieved good results. Compared with the traditional teaching concept, the project teaching method has three main characteristics: teacher-centered conversion to student-centered, textbook-centered to project-centered, classroom-centered to practical experience-centered . Therefore, students are the main body of cognition and the active constructor of knowledge.
Project pedagogy is an important method in behavior-oriented teaching. It focuses on the central concepts and principles of a certain discipline. It aims to integrate students into meaningful task completion processes, allowing students to learn actively and construct knowledge independently. The key lies in changing the concept of imparting knowledge to the cultivation of skills and qualities, attaching importance to the education of students 'behavioral ability, and mobilizing students' enthusiasm and autonomy in learning. In the process of project practice, students understand and grasp the knowledge and skills required by the course, develop the ability to analyze and solve problems, and take the knowledge generated by students and the ability they cultivate as the highest achievement goal, so that students can grasp knowledge while , Not only improve the ability to judge, analyze, solve and innovate engineering problems, but also cultivate teamwork and cooperation.
2. Course characteristics
(1) Complexity
CNC machine tool is a typical mechatronics equipment. The maintenance of CNC machine tool involves related knowledge and skills in many fields such as machinery, electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, computer, automatic control, servo drive and so on. Therefore, the course involves a wide range of knowledge, requiring students to have a good grasp of the prerequisite courses, and be able to integrate all aspects of knowledge.
(2) Practical
Due to the complexity and variability of CNC maintenance technology, the lack of maintenance personnel has become one of the main factors restricting the improvement of the utilization rate of CNC machine tools. Therefore, the cultivation of senior technical personnel with good basic knowledge, capable of CNC machine tool maintenance and repair work, is the basic goal of the course teaching. Based on this task, the course should pay full attention to engineering practice, so that students can master the basic knowledge of CNC repair in the process of practice, grasp the basic principles and methods of repair, and gradually cultivate students' comprehensive ability to analyze and solve problems in specific repair projects. , In order to master various basic skills, and accumulate a wealth of CNC machine tool maintenance experience.
(3) Targeted
The object of CNC maintenance is CNC machine tools. Although different types of CNC machine tools have common features at a certain level, they are different from mechanical structure to control principles and operation methods. Therefore, the cultivation of CNC maintenance skills is highly targeted, and it is difficult to achieve the desired results if knowledge is generally imparted at the level of commonality. From the perspective of respecting the laws of cognition, in the course of the course, the specific CNC machine tool objects and maintenance tasks should be aimed at enabling students to obtain corresponding engineering training, and on this basis, Huawei ’s knowledge of general laws and methods should be raised. And grasp, only in this way, students can make a difference in their future work.
It is precisely because the CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance course has the above three main characteristics, making the course very suitable for the concept of project teaching method to develop the course teaching plan and organization and implementation.
2. The status and interrelationship of the curriculum in the talent training program
1. The framework of talent training curriculum system
The course system in the talent training program for CNC machining and maintenance can be divided into modules (as shown in Figure 1). It includes three major platform courses: public basic platform courses, professional basic platform courses and professional direction platform courses. Among them, professional platform courses include CNC machining technology, CNC machine tool mechanical structure, machine tool electrical and PLC, CNC principle and system, CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance, etc.
2. Interrelation with other courses
CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance is the main professional course of this major direction, and the relationship between other major basic courses and professional courses is shown in Figure 2.
CNC machine tool mechanical structure, machine tool electrical and PLC, CNC principle and system are all courses that must be taken first. From the training goal of this professional direction, we can know that the teaching purpose of these prerequisite courses is mainly to learn the basic working principle, accumulate professional knowledge and train the necessary skills, so as to ensure the realization of the main professional ability of CNC machine tool maintenance and repair. CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance courses are generally arranged in the seventh semester. It is a master of multiple professional basic courses and professional direction courses. The purpose is to train students to use comprehensive knowledge of various disciplines to analyze and solve problems.
3. Course Teaching System
1. Course nature and teaching purpose
The CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance course is a main professional course of mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation major (NC machining and maintenance major). Through the study of this course, the purpose is to enable students to master the general maintenance technology of CNC machine tools, master the general maintenance methods of mechatronic products through maintenance practice, master the specific design methods and maintenance techniques of the electrical control system of CNC machine tools, so as to train students to analyze problems The comprehensive ability to solve problems and cultivate students' strong practical ability to lay the necessary foundation for students to engage in related work after graduation.
2. Basic course requirements
This course takes the numerical control machine tool as the research object, and takes the numerical control device and the electrical control system as the focus, to educate students to master the maintenance technology of the numerical control machine tool. After completing this course, you should meet the following basic requirements:
(1) Understand the development trend of CNC machine tools and the specific meaning of the openness of CNC systems, as well as the specific requirements for CNC maintenance practitioners.
(2) Master the hardware connection, system setting and debugging methods of typical numerical control device, familiar with common operation interface, and use it correctly to help diagnose the cause of failure.
(3) Master the installation and debugging method of typical servo system, hardware connection, speed loop and position loop parameter adjustment and data backup, etc., and familiar with common faults and troubleshooting methods of servo system.
(4) Master the control methods of auxiliary systems such as CNC machine tool magazine, cooling and lubrication, and be able to diagnose and eliminate related faults.
(5) Master the characteristics of the mechanical structure of CNC machine tools, and be able to diagnose and eliminate common faults in the mechanical system.
(6) Understand the acceptance and precision inspection of CNC machine tools.
(7) Familiar with the daily maintenance and maintenance methods of CNC machine tools.
3. Course teaching content
According to the needs of personnel training in the field of CNC machining and maintenance, combined with the main features of CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance courses, the advanced teaching concept of project teaching method is used to scientifically formulate the teaching content of the course (see Table 1).
Table 1 Teaching contents of CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance
4. Expected effects and existing problems
For the main knowledge modules in the course teaching content, the project teaching method is used to design targeted teaching and training projects, and the knowledge points and skill points required by the syllabus are merged, and good teaching results will be obtained.
Stimulated students' interest in learning, learning enthusiasm and learning initiative. During the course of the course, students have clear goals and specific project tasks. Whenever a technical problem is encountered, it will actively seek information, formulate solutions, and find practical solutions.
Improve students' engineering practice ability. By completing the analysis, diagnosis and elimination of different maintenance items, students have mastered the general steps and methods of CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance, and the engineering practice ability has been greatly improved.
Cultivated students' spirit of solidarity and cooperation. In the process of completing the tasks, students discussed, exchanged and learned from each other to solve practical problems together, cultivated the spirit of unity and cooperation, and laid a good foundation for going to work in the future.
In the teaching process, the design and implementation of training projects are inseparable from a good hardware environment and a high-quality "dual-teacher" faculty, which are the two main factors that affect the teaching effect. Therefore, for practical professional courses, providing students with a good hardware environment is the prerequisite for achieving the teaching purpose; on this basis, only high-quality teachers can design high-quality training projects and implement them in the project. In the process of giving students effective guidance, the concept of project teaching can be implemented. How to train high-quality teaching staff for this course, how to design high-quality teaching projects, and the method research in the specific implementation process are all issues that are worth further discussion.
V. Conclusion
Using the teaching concept of the project, the teaching system of the CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance course was constructed to enable students to learn specific knowledge and comprehensive skills in the context of a complete engineering project, and reflect engineering awareness. The teaching process based on the project teaching concept can cultivate the independent work ability and teamwork spirit of engineering students, improve the students 'comprehensive professional ability, and help to further cultivate the students' awareness of "big engineering".
References [1] Liu Shuqing. CNC machine tool fault diagnosis and maintenance [M]. Beijing: People ’s Posts and Telecommunications Press, 2009
[2] Wang Lingqi, Zuo Jianmin, Wang Mulan, et al. Large engineering concept and applied engineering teaching reform [J]. Science and Technology Higher Education Research, 2009, 2: 130 ～ 132
[3] Wang Mulan, Zhu Xiaochun, Wang Lingqi, et al. Reforming the principles and systems of numerical control to cultivate students ’system engineering consciousness [J]. China Modern Education Equipment, 2006, 1: 31 ～ 33
[4] Wang Ping. The practice of project teaching method in professional courses [J]. Education and Vocational, 2009, 10: 129 ～ 130
[5] Liu Shuqing, Zhou Minghu. Development of NC comprehensive experiment platform based on FANUC 0i Mate-C system [J]. Experimental Science and Technology, 2009, 10: 14 ～ 16
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