The sacredness of Mount Everest stems from her unattainable tranquility and purity...†When Gao Dengyi was 26 years old and approached Mount Everest for the first time in 1966, Mount Everest was a wonderful and sacred fairytale world, 5,300 meters above sea level. In the past, in the eyes of scientists who were the first Chinese scientists to complete the Earth's three poles, the “quietness and purity†of Everest has ceased to exist.
After the conquerors have come and gone again, the vast amount of rubbish left by the human activities at Everest is like a freckled spot on a holy face. “Concerned about the environmental changes in Mount Everest is to pay attention to global environmental changes. ". Against this background, in 1996, Gao Dengyi, the chairman of the China Association for the Exploration of Science, the researcher of the Institute of Atmospheric Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Wang Fuzhou, the first member of the Everest Summit in China and former chairman of the China Mountaineering Association, organized a cleansing team. Together with the Tibet Mountaineering Association, it carried out the first clean Everest activity. On June 5, 2004, the China Association for the Exploration of Science and the Tibet Mountaineering Association also launched the “2004 Earth’s Third Earthly Everest Environmental Actionâ€. On September 2, this clean team including nearly 100 volunteers including professional mountaineers and volunteers recruited from the country embarked on a journey to begin a one-week cleaning operation for Mount Everest.
Everest Junkyard
For Mount Everest, every human climb is almost an injury.
At 11:30 a.m. on May 29, 1953, the hug of New Zealander Hilary and Nepalese Sherpa Tanzeng at the peak of 8845.13m above Mount Everest was the first impression of the entire human race on the Mount Everest. Once on the top of the earth, it was the first time that she stood on top of the goddess of Everest. After Hilary and Tenzin lifted the hailstones that hung flags of the United Nations, Britain, and Nepal, they dug two small holes in the snow and placed a small cross and a bag of chocolate.
Seven years later, at 4:25 on May 25th, 1960, the Chinese people Wang Fuzhou, Qu Yinhua, and Kampot appeared at this height and made a nation’s historic dream. The way in which victors celebrate victory is always similar. The three heroes will take the five-star red flag and Chairman Mao’s plaster cast on a large rock on the northwest side of the summit, and then protect it with fine stones. Then Wang Fuzhou wrote a line with a black mechanical pencil on a small copy of the “Diary of Sportsâ€: “3 people such as Wang Fuzhou conquered Mount Qomolangma. At 4:20 on May 25, 1960,†the paper was torn off and put on. Into a white wool knitted gloves, buried in a pile of fine stones.
Almost every member who successfully climbed Mount Everest will be celebrated in a similar manner, and the number of summiters will increase year by year. Between 1953 and 1983, a total of 158 people reached the summit and 49 people died. In the 1990s, especially in recent years, the number of people who reached the summit each year reached three digits: 120 in 1998, 116 in 1999, 147 in 2000, 182 in 2001, and 159 in 2002. In May alone in 2003, there were 28 teams in the North Pole Camp in Tibet, China. Nearly 600 people were living in Mount Everest. As of 2002, the total number of people reaching the summit reached 1,655, of which 90% were non-professional athletes.
Hilary and Wang Fuzhou, who had left their exhibits with excitement, did not realize at that moment that these heroic evidence of “We are here†or “I conquered†would become Everest several years later. The number in the garbage dump. What is really shocking is that the evidence that those winners deliberately left behind is less trivial than the oxygen bottles, batteries, plastic bags, and even manure that the mountaineers discarded.
According to statistics, a total of 615 tons of rubbish was discarded into the glaciers of Mount Qomolangma from 1921 to 1999, including a large number of tents, such as tents, left by climbers and hikers between camps on the various routes of the Everest. Sleeping bags, oxygen bottles, batteries, plastic bags and other domestic waste and human excreta, the amount of waste left over each year reaches 67 tons. Even the corpses of mountaineers who were buried in the bottom of ice and snow due to hilly terrain were somehow contaminated by Mount Everest. However, under normal conditions, iron and steel that needs 95 years to completely rust, plastic products that can be decomposed in about 220 years, because of the cold and drought of the Everest climate, require longer decomposition time.
In addition to the above-mentioned human factors, according to Gao Dengyi’s introduction, the factors that led to the destruction of the environment in Everest are mainly concentrated on some important events that determine the global environmental transition. As the third pole of the world, the environmental status of Mount Everest has always been comparable to the other two poles of the world: the South Pole and the Arctic. Scientists had previously asserted that the environmental status of the three poles, including Mount Everest, has always been a background state that is not affected by the external environment and is the Earth's environmental background value.
However, according to scientists' observations, from 1996 to 1999, the top of Mount Qomolangma was reduced from 8,849.75 meters to 8,884.45 meters due to the melting of the snow layer, a total reduction of 1.3 meters. Yao Tandong, director of the Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, analyzed that the reason is that due to the global warming, the process of glacial melting has accelerated and the ice surface has drastically decreased. Everest is the most sensitive area of ​​global environmental change. It is precisely from this perspective that Gao Dengyi proposed that “focusing on Everest's environmental changes is a concern for global environmental changesâ€.
Imagine that when the Everest's ice layer faded day after day, later climbers suddenly discovered that Mount Everest was filled with human waste, especially human excrements, including the bodies of fellow citizens. Scenes? What the latecomers see is no longer the white snow, but the excrement of their compatriots. Such imagination is frustrating.
In fact, Everest has never been a protector, whether it is a professional scientist or an ordinary volunteer. Gao Dengyi said: The academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Liu Dongsheng, can be said to be the first scientist in the world to pay attention to the environment of Mount Qomolangma. It was he who “ordered†Gao Dengyi to carry out the first collection of environmental samples of Mount Everest in 1975. This background value of Everest's environment provided the basis for the subsequent study of its environmental evolution. However, there were countless applicants from all over the country for recruiting volunteers for the 2004 Everest sweeping campaign against human waste.
Everest Cleaner
The goal of the "2004 Earth's Third Earthly Everest Action for Environmental Protection" is to "completely clean up" Everest's waste products at an altitude of 6,500 meters or more and carry all the waste left by the climbers back down. It has been estimated that the volunteers collected at this event can be up to 10 tons in waste. After the waste is transported to the mountain, it will be handed over to local government agencies for unified treatment.
In the matter of cleaning Everest, the Tibet Autonomous Region has always attached great importance to it. The party secretary of the Autonomous Region Sports Bureau added: “We attach great importance to the environmental protection of Mount Everest. We occasionally clean up our mountaineering bases and clean up every May Day. We must emphasize environmental protection requirements before each mountaineering.†The Everest National Nature Reserve Management Bureau has been specifically responsible for garbage removal below 6,500 meters, and first established a garbage station at the base camp where the climbers and tourists gather to ensure that the daily garbage is transported down the mountain in time.
However, the cleaning operations in areas above 6500 meters above sea level must also be organized by professional mountaineers. This raises doubts as to whether or not ordinary volunteers participate in such sweeping activities.
In Gao Dengyi's opinion, in fact, there is not much difficulty in cleaning Everest. “Because we had as many amateur climbers as Everest on the 50th anniversary of the first summit last year, Everest is now not Everest. If you have a certain foundation and certain conditions, you can do it. As we clean up Mount Everest is not a very high level, so the difficulty we face is not very great, but it is of great significance."
According to the group's statement, “We have established the Zhufeng Peak Nature Reserve specifically in the Tibet Autonomous Region. We also have relevant regulations. However, regulations do not prevent pollution. It is not an easy task to establish people’s environmental awareness at all times. We think mainly through some big actions like this one, we have vigorously promoted through the news media and emphasized the awareness of environmental protection. I think the more important thing is our locals, including our mountaineering team and our alpine collaborators. Our translators and tour guides, as well as our local people, must all develop a good sense of environmental protection, so I think this is the key to solving the environmental problems of Mount Qomolangma.†The group also stated that it will pass legislation in the future. Form, protect Everest.
Comparing with the southern slope of Nepal, there is relatively more waste on the northern slope in China. In 1993, the Nepalese government adopted fines for penalties for those who did not bring oxygen cylinders and plastic garbage back. In addition, the Nepalese government has also built a large park in the valley leading to the summit of Mount Everest and stipulated that climbers must not cut trees for heating. At the same time, the Nepalese government and some private companies also actively fund the mountaineering teams that carry out the sweeping work.
The mountain captain and Japanese Noguchi Noguchi, who was responsible for the cleaning work, explained at the press conference in Tokyo in June 2003 that since 2000, the team has cleaned up 8 tons of rubbish and cleared more than 400 discarded items. Only oxygen cylinders. The reason that prompted him to pursue this business for many years came from the criticism of European mountaineers. “Japan is economically first class, but it is third-rate in terms of culture and politeness.†This criticism made Noguchi very stimulating. Since then, he has organized his own team to “clean†Mount Everest and Mount Fuji. . “We showed that the garbage brought back from the mountains after it was exhibited in Japan and South Korea caused a lot of repercussions. We found that the mountain climbing team that litters the mountains is also very problematic for its country’s environmental garbage. Instead, pay attention to the mountains. The environmental team is also very clean in its country, and there are no rubbish on the street. Foreigners criticize the Japanese team for leaving rubbish on the mountain. I think this is not just about the Everest environment but it includes environmental education and ethics. Problems of the entire Japanese society including education.†These words also have profound meaning for the Chinese people.
“The significance of cleaning Everest is not limited to Everest.†Gao Dengyi said, “We want to use this action to arouse more people to pay attention to our living environment and cherish our nature.â€
Civil environmental protection forces
Since 1996, Gao Dengyi’s China Association for Science Exploring and the Tibet Sports Bureau and other related departments have organized many Mount Everest sweeping activities, but “2004 Earth’s Third Earthly Everest Everest Environmental Action†was sponsored by several multinational corporations. It looks a bit different from previous activities.
As a result of these commercial sponsorships, volunteers were recruited through the Internet, held the Everest Environmental Fitness Training Camp, and 21 social celebrities sent the message “2004 Earth's Third Earthly Everest Everest Environmental Action†and other activities were carefully planned. Compared with previous years, the Everest clean-up operation was even more lively and the publicity efforts were even greater. It is very natural to remember that the same was launched on June 5 this year, the World Environmental Day officially launched the "Alashan SEE Ecology Association" China 100 entrepreneurs sand control action.
On June 4th, at the founding meeting of the “Alashan SEE Ecology Associationâ€, Zhang Chaoyang, CEO of SOHU website, said: “I feel very deeply this time. Apart from my personal financial contribution, there is the protection of the environment and ecology of the media. To protect Alxa, many of the issues discussed in the media are half the battle for success, which is half of the success of the problem.†And one day later, at the news conference of “2004 Earth's Third Earthly Everest Environmental Actionâ€, Gao Dengyi also Says: “Any public welfare activity is inseparable from the news media, from scientists, and from the support of companies. This event is actually a combination of science, business and the news media. This is also an important Way, I believe it will achieve better results."
In the 1980s, China's environmental protection undertakings had just started. They were only the internal work of environmental protection workers, scientists, scholars, and government authorities. By the 1990s, writers and reporters began to pay attention to environmental protection; entrepreneurs and manufacturers gradually began to join the ranks of environmental protection. According to research conducted by relevant agencies, a fundamental way to solve China’s environmental problems is public participation in environmental protection. The establishment of “2004 Earth's Third Earthly Everest Environmental Protection Campaign†and the establishment of “Alashan SEE Ecological Society†are undoubtedly a good signal.
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