As a new type of functional beverage, health beer has a variety of nourishing, dietary or auxiliary therapeutic effects and is therefore increasingly favored by consumers. The implementation of green packaging for health beer is conducive to the maintenance and play of the health care function of health beer, and the economic and social benefits are all outstanding.
1 Significance of green packaging for health beer
China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of beer. R&D, production and consumption of health beer are developing rapidly. The introduction of green packaging into health beer packaging design has many unique advantages.
1.1 Meet the trend of sustainable development
The shortage of resources and energy, the destruction of the ecological environment and the increase of the population all urgently require humans to implement sustainable development strategies. As an integral part of social production, the packaging industry must also take the path of sustainable development, that is, implementing green packaging.
1.2 is conducive to maintaining the health care function of health beer
Health beer is different from ordinary beer, often contains vitamins, enzymes, polysaccharides, peptides, minerals, secondary metabolites and other nutritional factors or medicinal ingredients, these health care ingredients may have special requirements for packaging design, and the appropriate green packaging can Protect the health-care ingredients of health-care beer without causing side effects harmful to the human body or the ecological environment.
1.3 is conducive to improving the economic benefits of health beer
With the development and progress of the times, people’s awareness of nutrition and health care continues to increase. Consumers’ recognition and preferences for health foods and green packaging are also growing. For example, as early as the 1996 International Food Expo in Paris, the “Green Food and Green Packaging†exhibition booth was favored by manufacturers and consumers all over the world, and it was concluded that green packaging of health beer would also be popular with consumers. Concern and recognition, so that the economic benefits of health beer greatly improved.
1.4 Helping promote the development of the health beer industry with Chinese characteristics
Chinese herbal medicine is a wonderful flower of the world's medical forest. Its magical effect has been recognized and respected by more and more countries and regions in the world. Health beer developed by utilizing the active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine has fully utilized China's natural resources advantage in the international community. The market has great potential and competitiveness. If the concept of green packaging is integrated into the package of Chinese herbal medicine and health beer, it will undoubtedly increase the value of Chinese herbal medicine and health beer, thereby establishing the advantage position of China's health care beer industry in the international market.
1.5 Health Beer Provides Important Development Space for Green Packaging
The costly cost has greatly limited the push of the PEN (polyethylene naphthalate) green material in beer packaging and its application. Putting PEN bottles into the high-end beer packaging market is an important way to solve this problem. The high value-added health beer just provides a more suitable place for PEN.
2 Status of Health Beer Packaging
At present, the packaging design of health beer is similar to that of ordinary beer, and mainly uses glass bottles or metal cans (mainly aluminum listening). However, traditional glass bottles and aluminum hearing (including aluminum alloy cans) have many disadvantages.
2.1 The disadvantages of glass bottles
Glass beer bottles have the advantages of good gas barrier properties (barrier properties), but their disadvantages are also outstanding.
1) The glass bottle is poor in impact resistance, easily broken, and even hurt by explosion.
2) The glass bottle has a high density, is not portable, and has a high transportation cost.
3) The debris of glass bottles is difficult to clean up. Some countries have banned the circulation of glass bottled beer in public places such as beaches, sports venues, and tourist resorts.
2.2 The disadvantages of aluminum listening
Aluminum hearing overcomes the disadvantages of glass bottles that are prone to explosion, injury, etc., but the cost is high, and the aluminum elements therein may pose potential hazards to the human body. Modern medical studies have found that excessive intake of aluminum may cause brain or bone lesions. Researchers at the University of Osi-jek in Croatia found that aluminum content in aluminum canned beer is significantly higher than that in glass bottles; and, as the shelf life increases, the aluminum concentration in aluminum canned beer gradually increases. Although, in order to prevent the aluminum in the aluminum auditory wall from melting into beer, some packaging companies apply a protective paint film on the inner wall of the aluminum auditorium. However, these films often have defects and it is difficult to completely eliminate the bath solution of aluminum.
In order to overcome the limitations of traditional beer packaging, people have made many improvements in various aspects such as the selection of packaging materials, packaging technology, and the recycling and reuse of packaging products, and have made a lot of progress. However, these tasks are still in the initial stage of R&D application. For health beer, green packaging has not yet been realized.
3 Development Strategy of Green Packaging for Health Beer
Green packaging for health beer has good prospects for development. In the future, we should pay attention to the following aspects.
3.1 Packaging materials must meet the requirements of green packaging, but also to adapt to the characteristics of beer products
Green food packaging materials can be roughly divided into four categories: degradable materials (such as polyketone), edible materials (such as soybean protein packaging film), recyclable materials, and paper materials. In beer green packaging, recyclable materials are currently used. Although paper materials are used in Japanese sake and wine packaging, they cannot be used in beer packaging due to reasons such as poor gas barrier properties. Compared with other alcoholic beverages or liquid beverages, beer is a more delicate drink. It is low in alcohol, nutritious and rich in CO, so it is cold, hot, light, oxygen, and leaky. It is precisely because of beer's delicateness that the research and development of new materials and containers for beer packaging are progressing slowly. Until the end of the last century, PET, PEN and other recyclable plastic materials were able to emerge in the beer green packaging.
Emerging PET bottles have many advantages: 1) The density is only 1/18 to 1/8 of the glass bottle, so it is easy to carry and has low transportation cost; 2) The impact resistance, compressive strength and crack resistance are high; 3 ) Transparency and cleanliness are high; 4) Modified PET bottles have CO, O, water and aroma barrier equal to or better than glass bottles. Therefore, the launch of PET beer bottles has attracted the attention of various countries. However, pure PET bottles also have some deficiencies (such as high oxygen permeability). In view of this, people started to improve PET bottles, such as barrier coating of PET bottles, processing of multi-layer composite PET bottles with barrier layers, and the like. These measures have received good improvements. In 1998, the PET/Amosorb3OOO/PET three-layer bottle (Amosorb3000 series oxygen-absorbing copolymer) developed by AmcorPET of the United States was used for canned Budweiser beer.
PEN replaces the benzene ring of PET with a naphthalene ring, and thus has superior mechanical properties and chemical resistance properties. Particularly, PEN's CO and O barrier properties are 4 to 5 times that of PET. Therefore, PEN is considered to be the most suitable material for beer green packaging so far. However, there are still some problems with PEN and modified PET: 1) The cost is high; 2) Some properties are still to be improved. For example, the problem of fragrant or offensive taste of modified PET has not been solved. All these need to continue to study and improve in the future work.
3.2 The packaging design must take into account the characteristics of health beer
There are many kinds of health beer, and there are many kinds of health care ingredients. In the green packaging of health beer, not only the characteristics of beer but also the characteristics of various health-care ingredients must be considered. Not only does the packaging material fail to chemically react with the health-care ingredients, it also requires that the packaging design contribute to the preservation of the health-care ingredients. For example, tea polyphenols, the active ingredient in tea beer, easily react with O under light conditions of pH>8 and can react with iron to form green-black complexes. Therefore, the O-barrier property of the packaging container must be fully considered during the packaging of tea beer, and iron contamination must be strictly avoided. For another example, riboflavin is easily photolyzed, and health care beer that uses riboflavin as a health care ingredient must be designed to avoid light when it is packaged.
3.3 In addition to the use of green packaging materials, attention should also be paid to green transportation, green equipment, green management and green processes.
In essence, green packaging is based on the life cycle of the packaged product. First, consider the sustainable production mode. In the packaging of health beer, greenness should go through all aspects of packaging. For example, at the same time as the use of PET green materials, some people conducted inspections of the 4 bottles of beer in PET bottles and finally proved that the PET beer bottles did not produce noise pollution.
3.4 Focus on visual communication design
The appearance of PET and PEN bottles is better than that of glass bottles. This provides a superior visual communication design platform for green beer packaging. In the packaging of health beer packaging, the texture, color, texture, and tE, t quality of green packaging materials should be fully taken into account. The combination of art thinking and science and technology thinking, and the integration and stylization of time and ethnic characteristics. Personalized combination, and ultimately create a unique packaging design. Designers can develop visual communication works that meet the relevant consumer psychology based on the visual perception of various health beer-applicable people. For example, for low-alcohol beer, where young people (especially women) are the main consumers, adopting a lively, brightly coloured, lighter, and higher-purity packaging design will more easily stimulate their desire for consumption.
It is worth pointing out that, for health-care beer with a strong national characteristics (such as bitter gourd beer), drawing nutrition from the long-standing national culture of China has helped to create visual communication works with Chinese characteristics. For example, designers can absorb the essence of plastic arts from ceramics, bronze mirrors, tripods, shadows, and other artifacts, and enjoy the style of calligraphy from such cultural heritage sites as Fattbit, Cliff Stone, Bronze Inscription, and India, from Chinese painting, embroidery, cloisonne, and murals. Crafts and other crafts can comprehend the colors and then refine and sublimate them, eventually creating a healthy beer packaging design with a strong cultural heritage.
4 Conclusion
With the development of modern civilization, people's attention to nutrition, health care, ecological balance and environmental protection has rapidly increased. This creates a huge potential for the development of green packaging for health beer. The development of health beer is not only conducive to the preemption of green beer packaging market, but also has great strategic significance for the development of the entire beer industry and packaging industry in China. At present, while research and development of health beer, we must step up the pace of research and development of green packaging design, so that the green packaging of China's health beer will reach a new level.
Reprinted from: Packaging Engineering
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