As countries such as Europe and the United States continue to use metal 3D printed products in aerospace, military, space, and other fields that determine the future of humanity, China is also working to reduce the gap with European and American countries. A few days ago, the "large-size powder bed selection laser melting additive manufacturing process and equipment research and development" project won the 2016 national key research and development plan "additive manufacturing and laser manufacturing special project" (2016YFB1100700) 19.85 million yuan of funding support.
It is understood that the project is undertaken by Beijing Yijia 3D Technology Co., Ltd., and is undertaken by Tsinghua University, Beijing Tianyuan 3D Technology Co., Ltd., China Aviation Industry Corporation Beijing Aerospace Materials Research Institute, Beijing Xinghang Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., China Helicopter The Design Institute and China Gas Turbine Research Institute are the participating units.
Project leader Feng Tao, general manager and senior engineer of Beijing Yijia 3D Technology Co., Ltd., said that after the project is completed, it can meet the requirements of aerospace, military and other industries for metal 3D printed products, that is, large size, high precision and good mechanical properties , Low surface roughness and 100% density; this technology represents the future development direction of metal 3D printing technology. Having this technology will enable China's aerospace and military to enter the international advanced level; the implementation of this project will fill this technology in China The gap in the world, breaking the technological monopoly of developed countries against China, is conducive to enhancing China's technological capabilities in the fields of aerospace, military manufacturing, precision medicine and other fields.
According to reports, SLM metal 3D printing equipment has entered the fast track of commercial development. In the past three years, the growth rate of installed equipment has exceeded 50%. Equipment manufacturers have expanded rapidly, and traditional equipment manufacturing giants have also begun to intervene. However, the forming size of mature commercial SLM equipment in China is generally less than 300mm, which can not fully meet the manufacturing needs of large-sized parts; at the same time, there are also problems such as low forming efficiency, many process variables in the forming process, and the quality of the forming cannot be quantitatively controlled. The commercial R & D of metal 3D printing equipment with a size range of more than 500mm × 500mm × 500mm is mainly concentrated in developed countries such as Europe and the United States, and they are monopolized by them. Their research in the fields of SLM equipment, software and technology is in an international leading position. Therefore, it has surpassed China's level in aerospace, military manufacturing and other fields. What is more worrying is that although there are many applications and research institutions of SLM technology in China, there is no successful commercialization case for the localization of large-size powder bed SLM equipment.
Feng Tao introduced that the project of "Development of Large-Scale Powder Bed Selection Laser Melting Additive Manufacturing Process and Equipment" undertaken by Beijing Yijia 3D Technology Co., Ltd. will pass the design and development of SLM metal 3D printing intelligent equipment for large-size powder bed. Completed the leap from small size SLM metal 3D printing equipment to large size SLM metal 3D printing equipment. The project proposes the overall design idea of ​​the modular layout of the dual-cabin dual-station isolation operation, which facilitates the removal of large-sized parts, effectively reduces the amount of inert gas, and at the same time solves the double-station conversion gas seal, high-precision variable supply of powder and Technical difficulties such as recycling and intelligent circulation purification of atmosphere.
The project also proposes and implements multi-laser multi-mirror zone scanning and optical path design and control technology that simultaneously meets large size and high efficiency, and realizes the positioning accuracy of multi-laser focusing spot, the consistency of laser power and the scanning boundary of multi-mirror Effective lap jointing effectively improves the processing efficiency under the premise of ensuring the processing accuracy of large-size parts. Breaking through the stability control technology of the optical system under high-power and long-term working conditions, realizing real-time monitoring, diagnosis and intelligent processing technologies such as molten pool status, shaped part geometry, working cabin atmosphere, powder spreading status during construction, and improving equipment intelligence At the same time, it guarantees the stability and reliability of operation, and meets the requirements of continuous forming of large-sized parts. Developed a multi-factor integrated forming software with independent intellectual property rights based on melt pool solidification, scanning area temperature field, workpiece geometric characteristics, deformation and multi-laser multi-galvanized zone scanning, which reduces the laser communication in the process of forming large-size complex parts The number of breaks and uneven deformation improve the manufacturing efficiency while ensuring the processing quality.
It is reported that the equipment developed by the project supports high-efficiency forming of complex components such as titanium alloys, high-strength alloy steels, high-strength aluminum alloys, and high-temperature alloys. The manufacturing efficiency can reach ≥120cm3 / h, and the forming size range ≥500mm × 500mm × 500mm , Forming geometric accuracy ≤ ± 100μm, surface roughness ≤Ra12, equipment trouble-free operating time ≥500h, will be demonstration applications in the aerospace field, complete the manufacture of a variety of large-scale aerospace parts, and carry out installation verification, Really apply large-size 3D printed parts to China's aerospace field. At the same time, four typical materials (titanium alloy, high-strength alloy steel, high-strength aluminum alloy, high-temperature alloy) SLM forming process standard specifications will be formulated to establish good application standards for large-scale 3D printing in the aerospace field.
Feng Tao emphasized in particular that the project "Research and Development of Laser Melting Additive Manufacturing Process and Equipment for Large Size Powder Bed Selection" proposed the development of serialized modules for large-size SLM metal 3D printing equipment. The gap will cause the price of similar foreign equipment to enter the Chinese market to be greatly reduced. During the project implementation period, no less than two sets of equipment sales indicators will be completed, and the market share will be 2 billion yuan in the next 10 years.
It is reported that the research and development of the project will eventually solve the problem of the low efficiency of powder bed SLM metal parts construction, the quality still has gaps with forgings, the low level of equipment intelligence, poor reliability and stability, and is not suitable for manufacturing large-scale integral parts and other worlds. Sexual difficulties will change the situation in China that has been lagging behind foreign countries in the development of large-size powder bed SLM technology, equipment and forming software. At the same time, the key technologies in metal 3D printing and laser manufacturing will have great breakthroughs. The advanced deployment of China's next-generation powder bed metal 3D printing equipment will be deployed in advance to promote the transformation and upgrading of traditional manufacturing and support the development of China's high-end manufacturing. 
Editor in charge: Liu Qingqing
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