Clip art on the switchboard of the OB truck
The way of recording programs on-site by OB vans has been more and more widely used in TV programs. The switch on the switchboard of the OB truck is real-time editing. Just like the post-program editing work, the artistic level of editing on the switchboard will have a multiplier effect on the program.
1. Selection of the lens screen
The current OB trucks are generally four-channel or six-channel. In the face of many lens images, the director has only a pair of eyes to switch. How to quickly and accurately capture the best picture in an instant, the director needs to switch to a higher level, because The seemingly simple selection is actually a complicated and conscious choice process. 1. The selected picture should conform to people's visual habits and thinking rules. Different picture performances affect people's viewing psychology. For example, we usually use superposition of short shots to express fast rhythm. If you use long shots, it will appear procrastinating and lengthy, which is not in line with people's visual habits. 2. The lens selected and used should serve the content and theme of the program. For example, when switching songs with accompaniment, give the accompaniment area some shots, especially like the dancing fingers in the piano accompaniment, to achieve synchronization of sound and picture, and give the audience artistic enjoyment. 3. The selection screen should be consistent with the type of TV program. For example, when switching dances in a variety show, the audience appreciates the beautiful dance postures and changed formations. Do not choose partial close-up shots, otherwise the audience will see discontinuous dances, destroying the integrity of the program. In news conference programs, due to the emphasis on authenticity and objectivity, it is advisable to choose fixed pictures or lenses, and use excessive up or down shots with caution.
2. Selection of switching point
The switching point on the switcher, which is the editing point in the editing, is very important for the performance of the program. Whether the switching point is selected accurately is not a matter of right or wrong, but a question of goodness and regret. For example, when a program changes, that is, when a program ends, the screen that switches the audience's applause and emotions must be accurate, so that when combined with the program, it can achieve the artistic effect of matching each other; early or late, not only will destroy the audience's vision On the continuity, you will miss other good shots.
The selection of the switching point is the same as the editing point. It must abide by the objective laws, conform to the logic of the development of things, and conform to people's thinking habits. But this is not enough. In the recording program, it is found that the selection of the switching point of different types of programs is different. For example, variety show programs are mostly singing and dancing, and their switching points are mostly selected by music melody and dance rhythm. Interview programs generally switch scenes according to the content of the interview or the atmosphere of the scene. Competitive sports programs are more dynamic, and you should choose a strong dynamic place as the switching point. Switching directors must master a variety of switching methods, so that the switched TV screen is not only accurate, but also has an artistic effect.
3. Application of editing skills on the switcher
People who often do programs always have the feeling that different people switch the same type of programs, and the effect is very different. This is because each person has a different understanding of the content of the program, the chosen arrangement sequence and editing skills are also different, and ultimately determines the different artistic styles and artistic effects of the program works. Regarding this concept, Pudovkin once did a famous experiment. He connected three identical lenses in two orders, and the result expressed the opposite meaning.
A. A person is laughing;
B. A pistol pointed straight at his head;
C. The face of the same person was horrified.
Result: The audience felt that the man was a coward and a coward.
Change the order:
C. A look of fear on a person's face;
B. A pistol pointed straight at his head;
A. The same person is laughing.
Result: The impression to the audience is that this person is a brave person.
In this way, changing the order of shots in a scene without changing each shot itself completely changes the meaning of a scene, making people draw diametrically opposite conclusions and receive completely different effects. The author once participated in the recording of the "Spotting Stones into Gold" program, which is a knowledge competition program. The opening scene is usually the applause of the host-the contestant-the audience, the audience feels their position in the program (in accordance with the order of appearance ). The author changed the order of the shots: the audience applause first-the host-the contestant, the audience had a sense of attention, and aroused the audience's emotions; then launched the host's lens, causing suspense to the TV audience. This shows that the flexible use of editing techniques directly affects the visibility of the program.
Although the role of the editing art level on the switcher cannot be underestimated, it should not be exaggerated and relied on too much. If used improperly, it will not only play a role in the performance of the program content, but it will damage the whole program. Vision. To this end, to avoid the following problems:
1. Single means. A program uses the same editing technique from beginning to end. This too single method of expression lacks the power of art. It usually occurs when the switch director does not have enough grasp of the program features, or seek stability without error. Due to the monotonous form of such a program, the audience will feel tired and bored. To make the program wonderful, it requires subsequent packaging and fine cutting, which wastes a lot of time and energy, which is not worth the gains.
2. Acoustic painting "two skins". This is the most prone problem in the OB truck recording program, which can be remedied through the adjustment of the lens screen in the later editing, but the program recorded on the OB truck is generally irreparable for live broadcast or live recording, and the sound picture "two skins" appears , So that the audience is confused, I do not know what the show is going to show. There are many reasons for this situation. It may be that the director is not familiar with the content of the program, the cooperation between the director and the camera may not be enough, or the program may have changed.
3. Visual bounce in switching. The connection between the pictures has to flow through the clouds, which is a higher realm pursued by the switch director, but when the lens is switched, if two scenes with little change in the scene are connected together, as long as the scene in the picture changes slightly , There will be a jump in the audience's vision or it seems that a long lens has been broken many times, and there is a feeling of "pulling foreign films" and "walking lights". The best way to avoid it is to use a transitional lens and choose from the shots taken at different angles. The assembled picture will not have the feeling of jumping, intermittent and misalignment.
Switching on the switchboard of the OB truck is a very practical work. If mastering montage and familiar with lens assembly skills are the basic skills necessary for each switching staff, then the control of the switching rhythm and the level of editing art The grasp of the more shows the skill of switching directors.
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