German researchers develop methods to decipher complex cereal genomes

<p> Dr. Stein from the Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Research in Leibniz, Germany, led an international scientific research group. After two years of hard work, the whole genome of the cereal barley was finally observed for the first time. Scientists have been able to determine the order of 2/3 of all barley genes with the help of the new method they have established. These results have become the basis for the complete deciphering of barley and similar wheat genomes.

According to information from the World Food and Agriculture Organization, wheat and barley occupy the first and fifth positions respectively in the world's most planted cereal rankings, and they are of great significance for economics and scientific research. Scientists can understand the molecular mechanisms responsible for their complex traits only after they have mastered the plant's genetic code. Understanding the genetic code is also the basis for improving important crop performance, such as drought tolerance and resistance.

However, the grain genome is extremely large and complex, which makes complete decoding very difficult. According to Dr. Stein, the barley genome is about two and a half times that of the human genome and 12 times that of the rice genome, and all decoding requires US $ 100 million. Successfully tested new methods are now used to study the larger wheat genome.

Due to the similarity of many crops, researchers can use the relationship between the genetic information of barley and characteristics to study other similar cereals such as rye.

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