As can be seen from the basic process of bronzing, the three basic elements of bronzing are: temperature, pressure and hot stamping time. In order to obtain the ideal hot stamping effect, the process parameters such as hot stamping temperature, hot stamping pressure and hot stamping speed must be reasonably mastered. In addition, the quality of the raw materials related to hot stamping must also be guaranteed, such as: the suitability of the hot stamping of the substrate, the performance of the anodized aluminum material, and the quality of the hot stamping plate. If something goes wrong in one link, it will affect the final hot stamping effect.
1. Choose the right substrate
There are many substrates that can be gilded, usually paper. Such as: coated paper, whiteboard paper, white cardboard, textured paper, offset paper, etc. But not all paper bronzing effects are ideal. If the surface is rough and the paper is loose, for example, for book paper, poor offset paper, etc., because the anodized aluminum layer cannot adhere well to its surface, the unique metal The gloss can't be reflected well, and it will not even be hot stamped. Therefore, the bronzing substrate should use paper with dense texture, high smoothness and high surface strength, so as to obtain good hot stamping effect and fully reflect the unique anodized aluminum gloss.
2. Choose the appropriate anodized aluminum model according to different substrates
The structure of anodized aluminum has 5 layers, namely: polyester film layer, shedding layer, color layer (protective layer), aluminum layer and adhesive layer. There are many types of anodized aluminum, the common ones are No. 1, No. 2, No. 8, No. 12, No. 15 and so on. In addition to gold, there are dozens of colors such as silver, blue, brown-red, green, and scarlet. Choosing anodized aluminum not only needs to choose the appropriate color, but also choose the corresponding model according to the different substrates. Different models have different performances and suitable material ranges. Normally, No. 8 is the most used for hot stamping of paper products, because No. 8 anodized aluminum has moderate adhesion and good gloss. It is more suitable for general printing paper or glazed paper and varnish hot stamping. If you stamp on hard plastic, you should choose other corresponding models, such as 15 # anodized aluminum.
The quality of anodized aluminum is mainly checked by visual inspection and feel, such as checking the color, brightness and trachoma of anodized aluminum. Good quality anodized aluminum requires uniform color, smooth after hot stamping, no trachoma. For the fastness and tightness of the anodized aluminum, you can generally check it by rubbing it by hand or using a transparent tape to test its surface. If the anodized aluminum is not easy to fall off, it means that the fastness and tightness are better. It is more suitable for hot stamping of small text patterns, which is not easy when hot stamping. Paste version; if you lightly rub the anodized aluminum and it will come off one after another, it means that its tightness is poor and can only be used for hot stamping with relatively sparse graphics; in addition, pay attention to the broken ends of the anodized aluminum, the fewer the broken ends, the better.
It is worth noting that the anodized aluminum must be properly stored. It should be stored in a ventilated and dry place. It cannot be mixed with acids, alkalis, alcohols, and other substances. It must be protected from moisture, high temperature, and sun. Otherwise, the anodized aluminum will be shortened. Period of use.
3. Make a hot stamping plate
Hot stamping plates generally include copper plate, zinc plate and resin plate. Relatively speaking, copper plate is the best, zinc plate is moderate, and resin plate is slightly worse. Therefore, for fine hot stamping, copperplate should be used as much as possible. For the hot stamping plate, it is required that the surface is smooth, the graphic lines are clear, the edges are smooth, and there are no pits and burrs. If the surface is slightly uneven or slightly scratched or fluffed, it can be gently wiped with fine charcoal to make it smooth and smooth. The depth of the hot stamping plate should be slightly deeper, at least 0.6mm or more, and the slope is about 700, to ensure that the hot stamping graphics are clear, reduce the occurrence of continuous pieces and paste plates, and improve the printing durability.
The design of hot stamped text, lines and patterns is very particular. The picture and text should be as thin and moderate as possible, and reasonable in density and density. If it is too small and too thin, it is easy to miss the pen stroke; if it is too thick and too dense, it is easy to paste.
4. Control the hot stamping temperature
The stamping temperature has a great influence on the melting level of the hot-melt silicone resin peeling layer and the adhesive. The stamping temperature must not be lower than the lower limit of the temperature resistance range of the anodized aluminum, which is the minimum to ensure the melting of the anodized aluminum adhesive layer temperature.
If the temperature is too low and the melting is inadequate, it will cause the hot stamping to fail or the hot stamping will not be strong, making the blots not strong, incomplete, missing pens or strokes or flowers; while the temperature is too high, it will melt too much and cause the adhesion around the blot The anodized aluminum also melts off and produces paste plates. At the same time, the high temperature will also oxidize and polymerize the synthetic resin and dye in the color layer. Brightness or loss of metallic luster. Generally speaking, the electric heating temperature should be adjusted between 80 ~ C ~ 180 ~ C. For the hot stamping area, the electric heating temperature is relatively higher; otherwise, it is lower. The specific situation should be determined according to various factors such as the actual temperature of the printing plate, the type of anodized aluminum, and the status of graphics and text. Usually, the most suitable temperature should be found by trial ironing, and the clear graphics and lines should be printed at the lowest temperature As standard.
5. To reasonably control the stamping pressure
The stamping pressure has a great relationship with the fastness of anodized aluminum. Even if the temperature is appropriate, if the pressure is insufficient, it will not make the anodized aluminum adhere to the substrate, or cause discoloration, blotting, etc .; on the contrary, if the pressure is too high, the compression deformation of the pad and the substrate will be too large, resulting in paste The version or print becomes thicker. Therefore, the stamping pressure should be adjusted carefully.
Main considerations should be taken into account when setting the stamping pressure: properties of anodized aluminum, stamping temperature, stamping speed, substrates, etc. Generally speaking, when the paper is strong and smooth, the printed ink layer is thick, and the hot stamping temperature is high and the vehicle speed is slow, the hot stamping pressure should be smaller; otherwise, it should be larger. In addition, similar to printing, hot stamping liner should also pay attention to, for smooth paper, such as: coated paper, glass cardboard, it is best to use rigid liner paper, so the imprint obtained is clear; on the contrary, for smoothness For poor and rough paper, the liner should be softer, especially if the hot stamping area is large. In addition, the hot stamping pressure must be even. If the local hot stamping is not found or there is numbness during the trial printing, it may be that the pressure here is uneven. You can place a thin paper on the flat plate at this place to make appropriate adjustments.
6. Hot stamping speed as constant as possible
The contact time and the hot stamping fastness are proportional under certain conditions, and the hot stamping speed determines the contact time between the anodized aluminum and the substrate. The hot stamping speed is slow, the contact time between the anodized aluminum and the substrate is long, and the bonding is relatively strong, which is conducive to hot stamping. If the agent is not completely melted, it will cause hot stamping or imprinting. Of course, the stamping speed must also be adapted to the pressure and temperature. If the stamping speed increases, the temperature and pressure should also be increased appropriately.
In addition, the performance of anodized aluminum itself has a greater impact on the speed of hot stamping. Good quality anodized aluminum can achieve rapid hot stamping, which is quite different from domestic anodized aluminum and imported anodized aluminum. Domestic anodized aluminum is usually only suitable for low-speed hot stamping, the speed is around 2,000 sheets, and the maximum is generally not more than 3000 sheets / h; imported ones can reach 8,000 sheets, or even louder. Regardless of the speed, the important point is that the stamping speed should be kept as stable as possible, and should not be changed easily. Under the premise of stabilizing the hot stamping speed, the hot stamping temperature and pressure should be appropriately adjusted to optimize the hot stamping effect, which can reduce the variable factors, stabilize the operation, and easily control the hot stamping quality.
The above are just a few main factors that affect the quality of bronzing, and these factors are not isolated from each other, they are mutually restrictive. The determination of these factors should be based on the hot stamping suitability of the anodized aluminum and the characteristics of the substrate, the hot stamping plate graphic structure, area and hot stamping speed to determine the best pressure, and finally adjust the appropriate hot stamping temperature. The basic starting point should be hot stamping with as uniform and moderate pressure as possible, low temperature and relatively stable hot stamping speed to achieve clear and clean graphics, smooth and firm, high gloss, no dirty spots, no trachoma Good effect.
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